NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 8 - Transport and Communication

Question 1:

The Trans-Continental Stuart Highway runs between:

  1. Darwin and Melbourne
  2. Edmonton and Anchorage
  3. Vancouver and St. John’s City
  4. Chengdu and Lhasa
Answer:

(d) Chengdu and Lhasa

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Question 2:

Which country has the highest density of railway network?

  1. Brazil
  2. Canada
  3. U.S.A.
  4. Russia
Answer:

(c) U.S.A.

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Question 3:

The Big Trunk Route runs through:

  1. The Mediterranean-Indian ocean
  2. The North Atlantic Ocean
  3. The South Atlantic Ocean
  4. The North Pacific Ocean
Answer:

(b) The North Atlantic Ocean

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Question 4:

The Big Inch pipeline transports:

  1. Milk
  2. Liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
  3. Water
  4. Petroleum
Answer:

(d) Petroleum

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Question 5:

Which one pair of the following places is linked by Channel Tunnel?

  1. London-Berlin
  2. Paris-London
  3. Berlin-Paris
  4. Barcelona-Berlin
Answer:

(b) Paris-London

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Question 6:

What are the problems of road transport in mountainous, desert and flood prone regions?

Answer:

Problems :

  1. In mountainous areas, it is difficult to construct roads because a number of bridges are to be constructed.
  2. In desert, roads cannot be constructed on sandy land.
  3. In flooded areas, the bridges are washed away. Most of roads are unmotorable.
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Question 7:

Which are the major regions of the world having a dense network of airways?

Answer:

U.S.A. alone accounts for 60 per cent airways of the world. Dense network of airways exists in the following regions :

  1. Eastern U.S.A.
  2. Western Europe.
  3. South-East Asia.
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Question 8:

What is a trans-continental railway?

Answer:

Trans-continental railway runs across the continent and links its two ends. These railways join the places on the opposite coasts of a continent.

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Question 9:

What are the advantages of water transport?

Answer:
  1. Water transport does not require route construction.
  2. The oceans are linked with each other.
  3. Oceans are negotiable with ships of various sizes.
  4. Water transport is the cheapest means of transport.
  5. The energy cost of water transport is low.
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Question 10:

Elucidate the statement ‘‘In a well managed transport system, various modes complement each other.’’

Answer:

Different modes of transport are used for inter-regional and Intra-regional transport. These carry both passengers and freight. Different modes function as under :

  1. International transport of goods is handled by ocean freighters.
  2. Road transport is cheaper and faster over short distances providing door to door service
  3. Railways are more suited for large volumes of bulky materials over long distances within a country.
  4. Airways carry high-value light and perishable goods.

Thus various modes complement each other in a well managed transport system.

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Question 11:

What are the modes by which Cyber Space will expand the contemporary economic social space of humans?

Or

What is Cyber space? Describe any two advantages of the internet.

Answer:

Cyber Space (Internet)
Cyberspace is the world of electronic computerised space. It is encompassed by the Internet such as the World Wide Web (www). In simple words, it is the electronic digital world for communicating or accessing information over computer networks Internet. Cyberspace exists everywhere. It may be in an office, sailing boat, flying plane and virtually anywhere. Progress in Cyber Space :

  1. Today Internet is the largest electronic network on the planet connecting about 1000 million people in more than 100 countries.
  2. There were less than 50 million Internet users in 1995, about 400 million in 2000 C.E. and over one billion in 2005.
  3. The next billion users are to be added by 2010.
  4. In the last five years there has been a shift among global users from U.S.A. to the developing countries. The percentage share of U.S.A. has dropped from 66 in 1995 to only 25 in 2005.
  5. Now the majority of the world’s users are in U.S.A., U.K., Germany, Japan, China and India. Future. As billions use the Internet each year, cyberspace will expand the contemporary economic and social space of humans through the following in order : (a) e-mail, (b) e-commerce (c) e-learning and (d) e-governance. (e) Internet (f) fax, (g) television and (h) radio. These will be accessible to more and more people cutting across place and time. It is these modern communication systems, more than transportation, that has made the global village a reality.
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